Hippoboscid

Hippoboscid is a family of flies known as louse flies or keds. These insects are obligate ectoparasites, meaning they live on the outside of their host and require it for survival. Hippoboscids are typically found on birds and mammals, including humans, though they are less common on humans than other animals.

Morphologically, hippoboscids are often flattened and leathery, with reduced or absent wings in some species. Their legs are strong and equipped with claws for clinging to their hosts' fur or feathers. They feed on blood, and their mouthparts are adapted for piercing the skin.

The life cycle of hippoboscids is unique. Females retain their eggs internally until they hatch into a mature larva. This larva is then deposited directly onto the host or the ground, where it pupates. The entire life cycle can be completed on a single host.

Hippoboscids can transmit diseases to their hosts, although this is more prevalent in wildlife populations than in humans. Some species are known vectors for arboviruses and protozoa. While generally not considered a major pest of humans, their bite can be irritating.