Hiivainfektio

Hiivainfektio, commonly known as a yeast infection, is a fungal infection caused by Candida species, most often Candida albicans. These fungi are naturally present in the body, particularly in the mouth, gut, and on the skin, and usually do not cause harm. However, an overgrowth of Candida can lead to an infection. This overgrowth can be triggered by various factors, including the use of antibiotics, which kill off beneficial bacteria that normally keep yeast in check, or by a weakened immune system. Hormonal changes, such as those occurring during pregnancy or menstruation, can also contribute to yeast overgrowth. Conditions like diabetes, especially when poorly controlled, can increase the risk of infections.

Symptoms of a yeast infection vary depending on the location of the infection. Oral thrush, for instance, presents as white patches on the tongue and inner cheeks, sometimes accompanied by redness and soreness. Genital yeast infections are common and typically cause itching, burning, and a thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge. Skin yeast infections can manifest as red, itchy rashes, often in moist areas of the body like armpits or groin folds.

Diagnosis is usually made based on symptoms and a physical examination. In some cases, a laboratory test, such as a culture or microscopic examination of a sample, may be performed to confirm the presence of yeast. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, which can be applied topically or taken orally, depending on the severity and location of the infection. Maintaining good hygiene and addressing underlying conditions like diabetes can help prevent recurrence.