Hidegformálás

Hidegformálás is a metalworking process that involves shaping metal at or near room temperature. Unlike hot forming, which requires heating the metal to a high temperature to increase its malleability, cold forming relies on the plastic deformation of the metal under applied forces. This process can include operations such as cold rolling, cold forging, cold heading, and extrusion.

The primary advantage of hidegformálás is that it results in improved mechanical properties of the material, such as increased strength and hardness, due to work hardening. It also often yields a superior surface finish and tighter dimensional tolerances compared to hot forming. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for heating furnaces and associated energy costs, making it a more cost-effective option for certain applications.

However, hidegformálás requires significantly higher forces to deform the metal, which can lead to increased tool wear and may limit the complexity of shapes that can be produced. The ductility of the metal is also reduced, and the process is generally not suitable for very large or thick workpieces. Common materials shaped using hidegformálás include steel, aluminum, copper, and brass. Applications range from the production of fasteners like screws and bolts to automotive components, wires, and various small, intricate parts.