Hanta

Hanta, also known as Hantavirus, refers to a group of viruses that can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). These diseases are zoonotic, meaning they are transmitted from animals to humans, primarily through rodents. The viruses are found worldwide, with different strains prevalent in various geographical regions.

HPS is predominantly found in the Americas and is characterized by a sudden onset of flu-like symptoms, followed by respiratory distress, difficulty breathing, and fluid in the lungs. HFRS is more common in Europe and Asia and typically presents with fever, headache, back pain, and kidney problems, which can sometimes lead to kidney failure.

Transmission to humans usually occurs through inhalation of dust contaminated with rodent urine, feces, or saliva. Direct contact with infected rodents or their excreta can also lead to infection, as can bites from infected rodents. Person-to-person transmission is rare but has been documented in some cases of HPS.

Diagnosis is typically made through serological tests that detect antibodies to hantavirus in the blood or by detecting viral genetic material. There is no specific antiviral treatment for hantavirus infections. Management focuses on supportive care, including respiratory support for HPS and kidney support for HFRS. Prevention strategies involve avoiding rodent habitats, cleaning rodent-infested areas carefully, and taking precautions to prevent rodent entry into homes and workplaces.