Glaukómi

Glaukómi is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve. This nerve is essential for good vision. Damage is often caused by an abnormally high pressure in your eye. Glaukómi can lead to vision loss and blindness. It often has no early symptoms.

The exact cause of glaukómi is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to a blockage or damage to the drainage system of the eye, which leads to a buildup of fluid and increased intraocular pressure. This pressure then presses on the optic nerve, causing damage over time.

There are several types of glaukómi. Open-angle glaukómi is the most common form. In this type, the drainage angle of the eye appears normal, but fluid doesn't flow properly. Angle-closure glaukómi is less common and occurs when the iris bulges forward, narrowing or blocking the drainage angle. Other forms include normal-tension glaukómi, where optic nerve damage occurs even with normal eye pressure, and congenital glaukómi, which is present at birth.

Risk factors for glaukómi include age, family history, certain medical conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure, and being of African, Hispanic, or Asian descent.

Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing glaukómi and preventing further vision loss. Treatment typically involves eye drops to lower eye pressure, laser therapy, or surgery. Regular eye check-ups are recommended, especially for individuals with risk factors, to monitor eye health and detect glaukómi in its early stages. Vision loss from glaukómi is generally irreversible, but treatment can help slow or stop its progression.