Gerbillus

Gerbillus is a genus of small to medium-sized rodents in the family Muridae, subfamily Gerbillinae, commonly referred to as gerbils. Members of Gerbillus are adapted to dry environments and are native to Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. They occupy deserts, semi-deserts, savannas, and rocky or sandy areas, often near agricultural patches or settlements.

Physically, Gerbillus species typically have soft, pale brown to gray fur, large eyes, and long hind limbs. A characteristic feature is a long tail that is often tufted at the tip. Many species have burrowing adaptations, including strong claws and compact bodies that facilitate underground escape from heat and predators.

Behaviorally, gerbils of this genus are mainly nocturnal or crepuscular and terrestrial. They live in burrow systems, construct simple nests, and cache food. Diet is omnivorous, with a focus on seeds and grains, supplemented by green vegetation and occasional insects.

Reproduction varies by species but most breed in favorable conditions. Litter sizes commonly range from a few to around a dozen young. Gestation periods are on the order of a few weeks, and young are weaned within several weeks of birth.

Taxonomically, Gerbillus comprises numerous species, many described from Africa and southwestern Asia. Taxonomic revisions have moved some species to other genera, and new species continue to be described as more regions are surveyed. Conservation statuses range from common to threatened in a few taxa, with habitat loss and climate factors cited as pressures for some species.