Fullen

Fullen is a term that refers to a type of fullerene, specifically C60, which is a molecule composed of 60 carbon atoms arranged in a truncated icosahedron shape. Fullerenes are a class of carbon allotropes that were first discovered in 1985 by Richard Smalley, Robert Curl, and Harold Kroto. The name "fullerene" is derived from Buckminsterfullerene, the most common member of the family, which was named after R. Buckminster Fuller, an architect known for his geodesic domes.

C60 is a highly stable molecule with a cage-like structure, making it an excellent candidate for various applications. It has unique electronic properties, including a high electron affinity and the ability to accept multiple electrons, which makes it useful in organic electronics and photovoltaics. Additionally, C60 has been studied for its potential in drug delivery, as its cage-like structure can encapsulate other molecules.

Fullerenes are typically synthesized through methods such as laser vaporization of graphite or arc discharge between graphite electrodes. The resulting soot is then purified to isolate the fullerenes. Fullerenes can also be functionalized with various groups to tailor their properties for specific applications.

In summary, fullen refers to the fullerene molecule C60, a stable carbon allotrope with unique electronic properties and potential applications in various fields.