1985

1985 was a year of political change, cultural events, and scientific findings. Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of the Soviet Union, initiating perestroika and glasnost. The Plaza Accord united major economies to devalue the dollar and rebalance trade. A severe earthquake struck Mexico City on September 19, causing tens of thousands of deaths. Live Aid was broadcast on July 13 to raise relief funds for Ethiopia. Coca-Cola introduced New Coke in early 1985, a reformulation that was reversed amid public backlash. The Nintendo Entertainment System was released in North America, helping to launch a new era in home gaming.

Microsoft released Windows 1.0 on November 20, 1985, marking the first version of its graphical operating environment for PCs. The Antarctic ozone hole was also publicly reported in 1985, drawing attention to environmental protection.

Culturally, Back to the Future and The Breakfast Club were released in 1985 and became emblematic of the era. The Heysel Stadium disaster occurred in May during the European Cup Final, resulting in 39 deaths and prompting changes in football safety and sanctions on English clubs.

Notable births include Cristiano Ronaldo, born February 5, 1985, in Madeira, Portugal. Notable deaths include Orson Welles, who died October 10, 1985, leaving a lasting legacy as an actor and filmmaker.