Fostervækstbegrænsning

Fostervækstbegrænsning, also known as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), refers to a condition where a fetus does not grow at the expected rate within the uterus. This can be diagnosed when a baby's estimated weight is significantly below average for the gestational age. It is not a diagnosis itself, but rather a sign that the fetus is not thriving.

There are several potential causes for fostervækstbegrænsning. These can be related to the mother, the placenta, or the fetus. Maternal factors include conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, infections, or poor nutrition. Placental issues, such as problems with blood flow or function, can also impair nutrient and oxygen delivery to the fetus. Fetal factors might include genetic abnormalities or infections.

The consequences of fostervækstbegrænsning can vary depending on its severity and duration. Babies born with IUGR may have a higher risk of complications during and after birth, including breathing difficulties, low blood sugar, and problems with temperature regulation. Long-term effects can include developmental delays and an increased risk of certain chronic diseases later in life.

Diagnosis typically involves ultrasound measurements of fetal size and growth, as well as assessments of fetal well-being. Management strategies depend on the underlying cause and the severity of the growth restriction. This might involve close monitoring of the fetus, advising the mother on lifestyle changes, or in some cases, early delivery. The goal is to ensure the best possible outcome for both mother and baby.