Footcare

Footcare refers to practices that maintain the health, comfort, and function of the feet. The feet bear much of a person’s weight, enable mobility, and are exposed to pressure, friction, and environmental hazards. Proper footcare can help prevent common problems such as blisters, infections, calluses, and nails that grow into the skin.

Daily hygiene and skin care are foundational. Wash feet daily with mild soap and warm, not hot, water, and dry thoroughly, especially between the toes. Apply a moisturizer to prevent dry skin, but avoid excess moisture between the toes to reduce fungal growth. Inspect the feet for cuts, redness, swelling, blisters, or changes in sensation, and seek care if anything unusual appears.

Nail care and calluses require care and technique. Trim toenails straight across and smooth the edges with a nail file to prevent ingrown nails. Do not cut nails too short. People with diabetes, poor circulation, or neuropathy should seek professional nail care to avoid injury. Use a pumice stone or foot file to reduce hard skin or calluses gently, and avoid sharp tools that can cause wounds. Treat cracks in the skin with an emollient and refrain from picking at corns or calluses.

Footwear and activity influence foot health. Wear shoes that fit well, provide adequate arch support, and have a roomy toe box. Choose breathable materials and change socks daily. Keep feet dry and wear clean socks to minimize irritation and infection. Protective footwear is important for sports or outdoor work.

Special populations and when to seek medical care. People with diabetes or vascular disease have a higher risk of foot ulcers and infections; daily inspection, good glycemic control, and prompt treatment of any injury are essential. Seek medical attention for persistent pain, red, hot, or swollen areas, open wounds, or if an ulcer or deformity develops.

Regular professional evaluation, proper footwear, and informed self-care collectively support healthy feet and mobility.