Flytkristallskjermer

Flytkristallskjermer, also known as LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays), are a type of electronic display that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals are a state of matter that has properties between those of conventional liquids and solid crystals. In an LCD, liquid crystals are sandwiched between two polarizing filters. When an electric current is applied to the liquid crystals, their molecular orientation changes, which in turn affects the polarization of light passing through them. This controlled manipulation of light allows for the creation of images.

The basic principle of an LCD involves backlighting, typically from LEDs. This light then passes through the first polarizing filter. Next, it encounters the liquid crystal layer, which is controlled by a grid of transistors. Each transistor corresponds to a pixel on the screen. By varying the voltage applied to each pixel, the liquid crystals twist or untwist, thereby controlling how much light passes through the second polarizing filter. If the liquid crystals are aligned to block the light, the pixel appears dark. If they allow light to pass, the pixel appears bright. Color is achieved by using color filters (red, green, and blue) for each sub-pixel, allowing for a full spectrum of colors to be displayed.

LCD technology is widely used in various applications, including televisions, computer monitors, smartphones, tablets, and digital watches, due to its low power consumption, thinness, and good image quality. Advancements in LCD technology have led to improved refresh rates, color accuracy, and contrast ratios.