Flexioonis

Flexioonis is a Finnish term used in anatomy and medicine to describe the state or action of flexion, which is the bending of a joint that reduces the angle between adjacent bones. In practice, flexion is typically contrasted with extension, the straightening movement that increases the angle. Flexion occurs in many joints and is a common focus in clinical assessment, sports, and rehabilitation.

In biomechanical terms, flexion usually takes place in the sagittal plane. Common examples include elbow flexion (bringing the forearm toward the upper arm) and knee flexion (bringing the heel toward the buttock). Other joints also exhibit flexion, such as the hip and shoulder, where bending the joint moves the limb forward or upward. The degree of flexion is used to describe how far a joint can move and is often recorded as part of a patient’s range of motion.

Measurement and clinical relevance: Healthcare professionals assess flexion as part of the joint’s range of motion (ROM). A goniometer or inclinometer may be used to quantify the angle of flexion. Normal ROM varies by joint and individual; for example, elbow flexion is commonly about 0 to 140–150 degrees, knee flexion about 0 to 130–135 degrees, hip flexion roughly 0 to 120 degrees, and shoulder flexion up to about 180 degrees. Flexion assessment helps diagnose injuries, plan rehabilitation, and track recovery after surgery or trauma.

Applications and considerations: Proper management of flexion includes avoiding excessive or hyperflexion that could stress ligaments, tendons, or muscles. Rehabilitation and conditioning programs often aim to improve or restore safe flexion ranges through guided exercises and gradual progression.