Fisikabiologi

Fisikabiologi, commonly translated as biophysics in Indonesian-language contexts, is an interdisciplinary field that uses the principles and methods of physics to study biological systems. It seeks to uncover how physical forces, energy transduction, and information processing govern the structure and dynamics of living matter, from molecules and cells to organisms and ecosystems. The field integrates theoretical modeling, quantitative measurement, and experimental techniques to describe biological phenomena with precision and predictability.

Core areas include molecular biophysics (structure and dynamics of biomolecules, spectroscopy, molecular motors), cellular biophysics (membrane mechanics, ion transport, cytoskeletal dynamics), biomechanics (mechanical properties of tissues and organisms), and systems or computational biophysics (mathematical models, simulations of large-scale networks). Other branches cover bioelectromagnetism (electrical properties of biological systems) and biophotonics (interaction of light with biological matter). Common techniques span spectroscopy, X-ray and electron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy, fluorescence imaging, patch clamp, and single-molecule methods.

Fisikabiologi informs multiple applications, including medical imaging, drug design, biomaterials, tissue engineering, and environmental sensing. It is practiced in physics and biology departments, often through interdisciplinary graduate programs, and relies on collaboration among experimentalists, theorists, and computational scientists. The field has historical roots in the mid-20th century and continues to evolve with advances in nanotechnology, high-performance computing, and data-driven methods.