Filamentgarn

Filamentgarn, or filament yarn, consists of long, continuous filaments rather than short staple fibers. It can be a single filament (monofilament) or many filaments twisted or bundled into a multifilament yarn. Filamentgarn is usually smooth and uniform, with high tensile strength and low hairiness, giving fabrics a lustrous surface and good dimensional stability. Compared with spun yarns, filamentgarn often has lower elasticity and a slick feel.

Production and materials: Filamentgarn is produced by extruding polymer filaments through a spinneret, drawing them to orient the polymer chains, and then collecting and possibly twisting or texturing the filaments to form yarn. Common materials include polyester, nylon, polypropylene and acrylic, as well as natural silk for luxury goods. Finishing steps can include texturing, twisting, or coating to adjust hand and appearance.

Applications: Filamentgarn is used in weaving and knitting for fabrics with smooth surfaces, high sheen, or high strength, such as satin, taffeta, chiffon, and technical textiles. It is also used for cords, tire fabrics, embroidery threads, and hosiery, where continuous filaments provide durability and uniformity. Textured filament yarns can resemble the feel of spun yarns while retaining filament advantages.

History and trends: The development of synthetic filament yarns, notably nylon and polyester, in the 20th century broadened their use in fashion and industry. Environmental considerations include energy use in production and recycling options for polyester and other synthetics.