Fenamates

Fenameates are a class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to treat pain and inflammation. They are derived from the anthranilic acid structure, with a phenylamine group attached. The most commonly known fenamate is mefenamic acid, marketed under brand names such as Ponstel and Ponstan. Other fenamate drugs include flufenamic acid and tolfenamic acid.

These drugs work by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2. This inhibition reduces the production of prostaglandins, which are inflammatory mediators responsible for pain, fever, and swelling. Fenamates are considered non-selective NSAIDs because they inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.

Fenameates are typically prescribed for mild to moderate pain, including menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea), headaches, and muscle aches. They are available in oral dosage forms. Like other NSAIDs, fenamates can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as stomach upset, nausea, and diarrhea. More serious side effects, though less common, can include stomach ulcers, bleeding, and kidney problems. They may also interact with other medications, such as blood thinners and other NSAIDs. Due to potential side effects, fenamates are generally used for short-term treatment.