Eremitalpa

Eremitalpa is a genus of mole rats in the family Spalacidae. It currently contains two recognized species, both of which are endemic to Namibia. The genus name is derived from the Greek words "eremos," meaning solitary, and "talpa," meaning mole. This refers to the somewhat isolated nature of their populations and their fossorial lifestyle.

The two species are Eremitalpa granti and Eremitalpa major. Eremitalpa granti is also known as Grant's mole-rat or the Namibian mole-rat. Eremitalpa major is commonly referred to as the large mole-rat. These rodents are characterized by their small size, reduced eyes, and specialized adaptations for burrowing, including strong forelimbs and claws. Their fur is typically pale or sandy in color, providing camouflage in their arid environment.

Both species inhabit sandy soils in arid and semi-arid regions of Namibia, primarily in the Namib Desert and surrounding areas. They are solitary and territorial, with individuals maintaining separate burrow systems. Their diet consists mainly of tubers and roots, which they locate underground. Information on their reproductive biology and social behavior is limited due to their elusive nature and subterranean lifestyle. Conservation concerns exist for both species, primarily related to habitat degradation and fragmentation caused by human activities such as mining and agriculture.