Epitheliomas

Epitheliomas are tumors arising from epithelial cells, which form the outer layer of the skin and the lining of internal organs. The term "epithelioma" is a broad classification and can encompass both benign and malignant growths. Benign epitheliomas, while not cancerous, can still cause local tissue damage or cosmetic concerns. Malignant epitheliomas, or skin cancers, are a significant public health issue.

The most common types of malignant epitheliomas are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Basal cell carcinoma originates in the basal cells of the epidermis and is the most frequent type of skin cancer. It typically appears as a pearly or waxy bump, or a flat flesh-colored or brown scar-like lesion. Squamous cell carcinoma arises from squamous cells in the upper layers of the epidermis and often presents as a firm, red nodule, a scaly, crusted patch, or a sore that doesn't heal.

Risk factors for developing epitheliomas include prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, fair skin, a history of sunburns, and a weakened immune system. Early detection and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes, especially for malignant epitheliomas. Diagnosis is typically made through a biopsy, where a small sample of the tissue is examined under a microscope. Treatment options vary depending on the type, size, and location of the epithelioma and can include surgical removal, cryotherapy, radiation therapy, or topical medications. Regular skin self-examinations and professional dermatological check-ups are recommended for early identification.