Ennakkointiin
Ennakkointiin is the practice of anticipating future developments and uncertainties to inform present decisions. In Finnish usage, it encompasses foresight, trend analysis, scenario planning, and risk assessment, and is applied in both public administration and the private sector. It is sometimes translated as foresight or anticipatory governance.
Etymology and scope: The term originates from ennakointi, meaning anticipation or foresight. Ennakkointiin describes activities aimed
Methods: It uses horizon scanning, scenario building, Delphi methods, expert workshops, quantitative modeling, statistical forecasting, and
Applications: In government, ennakkointiin informs policy design, regulatory planning, disaster risk reduction, and long-term infrastructure investments.
Challenges and evaluation: Forecasting is inherently uncertain and subject to bias, data gaps, and changing conditions.