EGB

EGb refers to a standardized extract derived from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree. The most widely studied preparation is EGb 761, produced by multiple manufacturers, and typically standardized to about 24% flavone glycosides and 6% terpene lactones (including ginkgolides A, B, C and bilobalide). The extract is used as a dietary supplement in many countries and is not approved as a prescription drug in most jurisdictions.

Pharmacology and composition: EGb contains flavonoid compounds and terpenoids proposed to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory effects. It is thought to improve microcirculation and may modulate neurotransmitter systems, contributing to potential neuroprotective and cognitive benefits. Its ability to antagonize platelet-activating factor may influence hemostasis and bleeding risk.

Clinical evidence: EGb is used for age-related cognitive decline and for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease symptoms in some settings. Systematic reviews have reported mixed results, with small to modest effects in some trials but no consistent, robust benefit across all studies. For tinnitus and dizziness, evidence is inconsistent or inconclusive. Clinicians generally conclude that EGb may provide limited, adjunctive benefit for certain patients, but it is not a proven treatment for dementia or other core conditions.

Safety and interactions: EGb is usually well tolerated, with common side effects including gastrointestinal upset, headache, and dizziness. Serious adverse events are rare but EGb can increase bleeding risk, particularly in people taking anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs. Interactions with other medications and use during pregnancy or lactation should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Dosage: Typical adult dosing ranges from 120 to 240 mg per day, divided into multiple doses with meals. As with any supplement, individuals should consult healthcare professionals before use, especially when taking other medications.