Drupella

Drupella is a genus of predatory sea snails in the family Muricidae, marine gastropod mollusks. Members of this genus are corallivores, feeding on live coral tissue on reef systems and playing a role in coral–algal dynamics on some reefs.

Distribution and habitat

Drupella species are native to tropical and subtropical seas, primarily across the Indo-Pacific region, including the Red Sea. They are typically found on living corals on shallow reef flats, lagoons, and nearby substrates where corals are abundant.

Biology and ecology

Species in the genus have elongated spiral shells and reproduce sexually, with planktonic larval stages that disperse before settling. Adults graze coral surfaces with their radula, removing tissue and leaving feeding scars. Females lay gelatinous egg capsules attached to reef substrates, contributing to local populations when conditions permit larval survival and settlement.

Ecological significance

Drupella predation can influence coral community structure, especially when snail densities are high. In some reef systems, outbreaks or elevated populations contribute to coral tissue loss and slow recovery after disturbances. They are often monitored as part of reef health assessments to understand predation pressures on corals.

Taxonomy and species

The genus Drupella comprises multiple described species, with Drupella rugosa among the better-known representatives. Species delineation within the group can be complex, and distributions may vary by region.

In research and management

Drupella populations are studied to understand predator–prey dynamics on reefs and to inform management of coral ecosystems. Monitoring and, where appropriate, manual removal or integrated reef management approaches are used to mitigate outbreak impacts and support coral recovery.