Drukmechanisme

Drukmechanisme, literally a "pressure mechanism," is a mechanical assembly or subsystem that generates, transmits, or regulates pressure to produce a controlled pressing action within a device. It is used to convert energy from a source (fluid, gas, or elastic element) into a predictable force and stroke, allowing parts to move, clamp, form, or hold components in place.

Hydraulic mechanisms use incompressible fluid under pressure, typically in cylinders that provide high force with moderate speed. Pneumatic mechanisms use compressed air, offering faster response and simpler seals but lower force for a given size. Mechanical pressure mechanisms rely on springs, cams, or screw threads to create pre-load or to translate rotational input into pressing motion. In some systems, electrical actuators use motor-driven screws or linear stages combined with force sensors.

Control is typically achieved with valves, regulators, and feedback sensors that adjust pressure, flow, or displacement. Safety features include pressure relief valves, lockout mechanisms, and compliance elements to absorb shocks.

Applications span manufacturing, metal forming, machining, clamping, stamping, and assembly lines. Design considerations include required force, stroke, speed, energy efficiency, leakage, maintenance, and safety.

See also: hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, actuator, clamping device.