Dinfarctus

Dinfarctus is a term encountered infrequently in medical literature and is not recognized as a distinct disease category in major reference works. In many contexts it is either a misspelling or regional variant of infarctus (infarction), the localized death of tissue caused by a sustained interruption of blood supply. When used, it denotes the same basic process, though there is no universally accepted diagnostic criterion separating it from standard infarction.

Infarction results from reduced or blocked blood flow to tissue, leading to oxygen and nutrient deprivation and progressive cell injury. Ischemia triggers a cascade of metabolic disturbances and, if prolonged, irreversible cell death. The appearance of an infarct—pale or hemorrhagic—depends on tissue type, vascular supply, and whether reperfusion occurs.

Common sites include the heart (myocardial infarction), brain (cerebral infarction), kidneys, spleen, and intestines. The underlying causes are usually thrombosis, embolism, rupture of atherosclerotic plaques, or systemic hypoperfusion. Risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and dyslipidemia.

Clinical presentation varies by location. Myocardial infarction presents with chest discomfort and shortness of breath; cerebral infarction causes sudden weakness or speech difficulties; renal or splenic infarcts cause flank or abdominal pains. Diagnosis uses location-specific imaging and laboratory tests (ECG and troponin for the heart, CT or MRI for the brain and abdomen).

Treatment aims to restore perfusion and limit tissue loss. For myocardial infarction, reperfusion therapy (percutaneous coronary intervention or thrombolysis), antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, and supportive care are standard. Other infarcts are managed according to cause, organ involvement, and cardiovascular risk reduction.

Terminology note: dinfarctus is not a standard term in contemporary medicine. To avoid confusion, authors typically use infarction or infarct and specify the organ involved.