D4476

D4476 is a synthetic small-molecule compound widely used as a research tool to study kinase signaling, most notably within the casein kinase 1 (CK1) family. In the literature, it has been described as an inhibitor of CK1δ and CK1ε, with activity observed in enzymatic assays and cellular contexts. As a chemical probe, it has contributed to investigations of phosphorylation-dependent processes and signaling pathways that CK1 regulates.

Mechanism and specificity: D4476 functions as an inhibitor of CK1 family kinases, leading to reduced phosphorylation of CK1 substrates such as clock proteins in circadian biology. Because kinase inhibitors often interact with multiple kinases, D4476 can have off-target effects; thus results from experiments using D4476 should be interpreted with appropriate controls and, when possible, complemented by alternative inhibitors or genetic approaches.

Applications: The compound has been employed in circadian rhythm research to perturb clock protein phosphorylation and to assess effects on circadian period and entrainment. CK1-mediated pathways in other contexts, such as Wnt signaling, have also been considered in studies using CK1 inhibitors, including D4476. Its use is primarily within basic and translational research rather than clinical settings.

Availability and safety: D4476 is available from chemical suppliers as a research chemical. It is not approved for clinical use in humans. As with other kinase inhibitors, it should be handled under appropriate laboratory safety protocols, and researchers should be mindful of potential off-target effects and the need for corroborating evidence.