Cynologique

Cynologique, or cynology in English, is the study and practical management of dogs, covering biology, behavior, welfare, breeding, and their roles as companions and working animals. The field draws on veterinary science, canine psychology, genetics, physiology, and training to inform care, health, socialization, and handling across different breeds and contexts.

Etymology and history: The term derives from the Greek kyōn, “dog,” and -logia, “study.” Modern cynology developed alongside organized kennel clubs and standardized breed practices in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), founded in 1919, is a principal international body that coordinates breed standards and kennel regulation among member clubs.

Applications: Cynology underpins the work of police and service dogs, search-and-rescue teams, detection dogs, and guide and therapy dogs. It also supports breeding programs, canine sports, and animal welfare initiatives. Training and handling emphasize welfare, breed- and individual-specific needs, and increasingly evidence-based methods such as positive reinforcement. The field also addresses health issues, nutrition, and preventive care to promote overall canine well-being.

See also: Cynology, kennel clubs, dog breed standards, animal welfare.