Crackstopping

Crackstopping refers to the process of ceasing crack cocaine use. In medical, public health, and community settings, it describes strategies aimed at achieving abstinence or reduced use, managing withdrawal and cravings, and improving health, safety, and social functioning.

Key elements include comprehensive assessment, individualized treatment planning, and ongoing support. Behavioral therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, contingency management, and motivational interviewing are commonly used. Integrated care that addresses co-occurring mental health disorders, physical health problems, housing, and employment needs is associated with better outcomes.

Pharmacologic options for crack cocaine dependence are not universally approved, and no single medication reliably treats all users. Some regimens have been studied off-label, including agents such as bupropion, topiramate, or modafinil, but results are variable. Treatment typically emphasizes symptom management and relapse prevention rather than a cure.

Relapse remains a challenge, and long-term success often requires sustained aftercare, peer support, and coping skills. Stopping crack use can entail withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbance, and mood changes, as well as a temporary loss of tolerance, which can elevate overdose risk if use resumes after abstinence.

Public health programs focus on access to evidence-based treatment, harm reduction where appropriate, and education to reduce health risks and transmission of infectious diseases. See also: Addiction recovery, Cocaine dependence, Contingency management, Motivational interviewing.