Costus

Costus is a genus of tropical perennial herbs in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. The genus comprises about 60 species that grow from creeping rhizomes and produce tall, leafy stems. Leaves are typically large and may be glossy. Many Costus species bear conspicuous inflorescences with colorful bracts and tubular flowers arising from leaf axils or terminal stalks. The flowers are generally adapted to attract pollinators such as bees or birds.

Costus speciosus, commonly known as crepe ginger, is among the best-known cultivated species and is grown as an ornamental for its showy flowers and bracts.

Distribution and habitat: Costus species are native to tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. They typically inhabit humid forests, forest margins, and other sheltered, moisture-rich habitats. They are widely grown in tropical and subtropical gardens worldwide as ornamentals.

Cultivation and propagation: They prefer warm, humid conditions, partial shade to bright indirect light, and rich, well-drained soil with consistent moisture. They are propagated by division of rhizomes or separated root pieces and can be grown in pots or garden beds.

Uses and conservation: In addition to ornamentals, some Costus species have traditional medicinal uses in local cultures, though such uses vary by species. The conservation status of individual species ranges from common to threatened depending on habitat loss and collection pressures, underscoring the importance of sustainable cultivation and habitat protection.