Corytophanidae

Corytophanidae is a family of lizards commonly known as casqueheads, helmeted lizards, or hooded lizards. They are native to Central and South America, ranging from southern Mexico to northern Argentina. This family is characterized by the presence of a prominent casque or crest on the head, which varies in size and shape among different species. This structure is believed to play a role in species recognition, thermoregulation, or display.

The family Corytophanidae contains three genera: Corytophanes, Laemanctus, and Basiliscus. The genus Corytophanes includes species like the common casquehead and the cristate casquehead, often found in arboreal or semi-arboreal environments. Laemanctus, or the dwarf helmeted lizards, are generally smaller and more slender. The most well-known genus is Basiliscus, which includes the famous basilisk lizards, capable of running short distances on the surface of water, earning them the nickname "Jesus Christ lizard."

These lizards are primarily insectivorous, feeding on a variety of invertebrates, but some larger species may also consume small vertebrates. They are diurnal, meaning they are active during the day, and are often observed basking in the sun. Reproduction is typically oviparous, with females laying clutches of eggs in burrows or other concealed locations. The coloration and patterns of casquehead lizards can vary, providing camouflage within their respective habitats. They are a diverse group, exhibiting adaptations for arboreal life, terrestrial movement, and even semi-aquatic behavior in the case of basilisk lizards.