Corpse

Corpse is the body of a human being after death. In everyday usage, the term is typically used for a recently deceased person or for a body that has not yet been buried, cremated, or fully recovered. In medical or forensic contexts, the word corpse may be replaced by cadaver, a term common in anatomy and dissection, or remains, especially when the body is in an advanced stage of decay or has been damaged. The term carcass refers more often to an animal's body after death.

After death, the body undergoes decomposition. Initial changes include cessation of heartbeat and respiration, cellular breakdown, and autolysis. Over hours to days, bacteria and enzymes cause gas formation and tissue breakdown, leading to bloating and color changes. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, insect activity, and exposure influence the rate and pattern of decomposition. In forensic settings, the timeline can help estimate the time of death.

Handling of a corpse is governed by legal and professional procedures. Medical examiners or coroners may perform autopsies to determine cause and manner of death. Bodies are identified, documented, and preserved as needed. In mortuary practice, embalming, refrigeration, or other preparation allows viewing and transport for funeral rites. Alternatives include burial, cremation, donation to science, or other cultural practices. The handling emphasizes dignity, privacy, and chain-of-custody requirements.

Terminology and usage vary by culture, law, and profession. Ethical considerations include consent, religious beliefs, and respect for the deceased and their relatives. In anthropology and archaeology, human remains are studied under strict guidelines to preserve cultural heritage and avoid harm.