Compiz

Compiz is a set of compositing window managers and desktop effects for the Linux operating system, primarily developed for the Ubuntu desktop environment. It was introduced as part of the Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) release in 2007 and has since become a popular choice for users seeking advanced graphical customization and visual enhancements. Compiz is built on top of the Mesa 3D graphics library and the OpenGL API, allowing it to leverage hardware acceleration for smooth performance.

One of the key features of Compiz is its ability to create a wide range of desktop effects, including window animations, window management tricks, and 3D transformations. Users can enable effects such as window stacking, window snapping, window rotation, and even 3D desktop environments. Compiz also supports plugins that extend its functionality, allowing users to add custom effects like custom window decorations, desktop icons, and more.

Compiz operates as a daemon, running in the background and managing the visual aspects of the desktop. It can be configured through various tools, including the CompizConfig Settings Manager (CCSM), which provides a graphical interface for adjusting settings. Users can also tweak Compiz settings manually via command-line tools or configuration files.

Despite its powerful capabilities, Compiz has faced criticism over the years due to its complexity and potential instability. Some users have reported issues with crashes, performance problems, and compatibility with certain hardware or applications. As a result, Compiz is often considered an optional component rather than a default feature in modern Linux distributions.

In recent years, Compiz has seen a decline in popularity due to the rise of lighter and more stable alternatives like OpenBox with compositing support or the inclusion of built-in compositing in newer desktop environments. However, it remains a valuable tool for users who prioritize visual customization and advanced graphical effects.