Chamaar

Chamaar is a term historically used in India to denote a caste traditionally associated with leatherwork and tanning. This designation falls under the broader category of Dalit communities, formerly known as "untouchables," who have faced systemic discrimination and social exclusion for centuries. The term itself is derived from the Sanskrit word "charma," meaning skin or leather.

The traditional occupations of Chamaars included the preparation of hides, shoemaking, and other leather-based crafts. Due to the nature of their work, which involved handling dead animals and animal skins, they were often relegated to the periphery of society and subjected to ritual pollution. This led to their exclusion from mainstream social, economic, and religious life.

While the caste system was officially abolished in India with the adoption of the Constitution in 1950, and discriminatory practices are outlawed, the legacy of caste-based prejudice and social stratification continues to affect communities like the Chamaars. Many members of this community have sought to improve their socio-economic status through education, migration to urban areas, and participation in political movements advocating for their rights.

Efforts to uplift and integrate Dalit communities, including those historically identified as Chamaars, have been a significant aspect of social reform and policy in India. These efforts include affirmative action policies and legal protections aimed at redressing historical injustices and ensuring equal opportunities. The term itself is now often considered derogatory, and many individuals prefer to identify with their specific sub-caste or simply as Dalit.