injustices

Injustice refers to situations in which fair treatment, rights, or due process are denied or violated. Injustices can be personal or systemic, and may result from laws, policies, social norms, or institutional practices that produce unequal outcomes for individuals or groups.

Common forms include legal injustices, such as wrongful arrests or biased sentencing; social injustices, including discrimination based on race, gender, disability, or sexual orientation; economic injustices, such as wage theft, exploitation, or unequal access to housing, education, or healthcare; political injustices, such as suppression of dissent or unequal participation in governance; and environmental injustices, where harmful conditions disproportionately affect marginalized communities.

Causes include power imbalances, prejudice and stereotypes, structural inequalities, corruption, and gaps in accountability mechanisms within legal and administrative systems.

The effects can be severe, compromising dignity, health, opportunities, and social trust. Addressing injustices involves reforms to laws and institutions, enforcement of rights, redress for victims, and approaches such as restorative justice, inclusive policy design, and transparent governance.

Scholarly and advocacy communities study injustices to document harms, evaluate remedies, and promote accountability at local, national, and international levels.