Cebos

Cebos is a type of malware that primarily targets email servers, often exploiting vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access. It is classified as a business email compromise (BEC) toolkit, designed to facilitate phishing attacks, credential theft, and financial fraud. The malware is typically distributed through deceptive emails that appear to come from legitimate sources, tricking recipients into downloading malicious attachments or clicking on infected links.

Developed by cybercriminals, Cebos allows attackers to automate the process of sending spoofed emails, impersonating executives or high-ranking employees to request wire transfers or sensitive information. It can also be used to harvest credentials by intercepting login attempts or exploiting weak authentication protocols. Once installed, Cebos may continue to operate silently, sending out further phishing campaigns or collecting data for later exploitation.

Security researchers have noted that Cebos often relies on pre-existing vulnerabilities in email servers, such as misconfigurations or unpatched software, to establish a foothold. It may also integrate with other malware families to enhance its capabilities, such as ransomware or data exfiltration tools. Organizations are advised to implement strong email security measures, including multi-factor authentication, regular vulnerability assessments, and employee training to recognize phishing attempts.

While the exact origins of Cebos remain unclear, it has been linked to organized cybercrime groups focused on financial gain. Law enforcement agencies have occasionally taken down related infrastructure, but the malware continues to evolve, posing ongoing risks to businesses and individuals.