Cattleyas

Cattleya is a genus of orchids in the family Orchidaceae, known for some of the largest and most striking flowers among orchid hybrids. They are primarily epiphytic or lithophytic plants native to tropical regions of Central and South America and the Caribbean. The genus name honors William Cattley, a British plant collector, and was established by John Lindley in 1824.

Most Cattleya species have short, compact pseudobulbs with two broad, evergreen leaves. The inflorescence typically arises from the base or apex of the growth and bears one to several large flowers. Flowers usually feature a prominent central labellum (lip) with a wide or elaborately shaped margin. Color ranges are diverse, including white, pink, purple, yellow, and bi- or multi-colored patterns; many cultivars are fragrant.

Habitat and distribution: Cattleya species occur in tropical forests from sea level to montane zones. They prefer bright, filtered light with good air movement and typically experience a distinct growing season followed by a rest period. They are often grown as ornamental plants in temperate regions.

Cultivation: In cultivation, Cattleya hybrids are among the most prized orchids for their showy blossoms. They thrive in a well-draining medium such as bark or a bark-based mix, with waterings that allow the substrate to dry somewhat between applications. They generally require bright light, warm to intermediate temperatures, and moderate to high humidity. Fertilization during active growth is common, with reduced feeding during rest.

Taxonomy and cultivation notes: Molecular studies have led to taxonomic revisions, and some species have been reclassified into related genera. Nonetheless, Cattleya remains widely used to describe the core group of corsage orchids valued by growers and collectors.

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