CatchandRelease

Catch and release, commonly written as catch-and-release or C&R, is a practice in sport fishing where a fish is captured, handled with care, and released back into the water so it can continue to survive and potentially reproduce. The goal is to conserve fish populations while allowing recreational angling.

It developed as part of wildlife conservation movements in the 20th century and is widely used in freshwater and saltwater fisheries. Some regions mandate release for certain species, sizes, or seasons, while others encourage C&R as a management tool.

Techniques and best practices emphasize minimizing harm: use barbless or circle hooks, use appropriate tackle to reduce fights and injury, keep the fish in the water when possible, handle gently with wet hands or gloves, avoid removing the fish from water for longer than necessary, use a rubberized landing net, and promptly revive and release the fish, guiding it headfirst into the current.

Mortality and outcomes vary by species, size, water temperature, handling, and gear. Mortality rates are generally low under ideal handling but can be higher in warm water, with rough handling, or when hooks cause significant tissue damage. Proper release increases survival chances.

Regulation and debate: C&R is supported as a conservation measure but faced critique regarding the physiological stress on fish and potential disease transmission. Critics argue some releases still harm populations or disguise overfishing; supporters point to broader management benefits and anecdotal evidence of stable populations when practiced correctly.

In practice, successful C&R combines ethical handling with education, adherence to local rules, and ongoing research to refine methods and assess its effectiveness.