Carmenta

Carmenta, also known as Carmentis, was a Roman goddess of prophecy and childbirth. Her name is thought to derive from the Latin word "carmenta," meaning "prophetic utterance" or "song." She was one of the earliest deities in the Roman pantheon, predating the arrival of Greek deities like Juno.

According to Roman mythology, Carmenta was the mother of Evander, who founded the city of Pallantium on the Palatine Hill, which later became part of Rome. She was often depicted as an old woman, symbolizing wisdom and foresight. Her sanctuary was located near the Porta Carmentalis in Rome, a gate named in her honor.

Carmenta was worshipped with particular devotion by mothers, especially those in labor, and by women seeking to become pregnant. It was believed that she could ward off evils during childbirth and bless newborns. The priests of Carmenta were known as the Carmentales.

Her festival, the Carmentalia, was celebrated twice a year, on January 11 and January 15. During these festivals, women would offer sacrifices and prayers to Carmenta, seeking her protection and guidance. The cult of Carmenta highlights the importance of prophecy and the well-being of mothers and children in early Roman society. While her direct worship declined with the rise of other goddesses, her influence persisted through her association with foresight and maternal blessings.