Canna

Canna is a genus of about 50 species in the family Cannaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas from the southern United States to Argentina. They are herbaceous, rhizomatous perennials often grown for their striking foliage and showy flowers. Plants typically have large, paddle-shaped leaves and tall flower stalks bearing bright inflorescences with three petals and three sepals. While commonly called canna lilies, they are not true lilies; their closest relatives are in the order Zingiberales.

Canna plants prefer warm temperatures, full sun, and rich, moist, well-drained soil. They are frost-tender and are treated as summer bedding plants in temperate climates, often grown as annuals or overwintered indoors. Propagation is by division of mature rhizomes every few years to maintain vigor. In addition to flowering cultivars, some varieties are grown for foliage, displaying variegated or bronze leaves. In many regions they benefit from regular feeding and consistent moisture during the growing season.

In cultivation, canna is valued for its architectural presence and long-lasting blooms in borders, containers, and water gardens. Genera-related selections offer a wide range of colors, including red, orange, yellow, pink, and bi-color combinations. Some species, notably Canna edulis, produce edible rhizomes used as a starch crop in parts of South America; the starch is sometimes marketed as achira.

Common pests and diseases include aphids, thrips, nematodes, and canna leaf spot caused by fungi, as well as issues from poor drainage or overwatering. Proper spacing, sanitation, and care help mitigate problems.