Burp

Burp, also called belch or eructation, is the audible expulsion of air from the stomach through the mouth. It typically occurs when swallowed air released during digestion or when gas accumulates after consuming carbonated beverages or certain foods. The process involves relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and the diaphragm, allowing a pocket of gas to escape upward through the esophagus and out of the mouth. Most burps are benign and occur after meals or drinks, but some individuals may belch more often due to diet, fast eating, or habitual swallowing of air.

Common triggers include carbonated beverages, eating or drinking quickly, chewing gum, smoking, and wearing loose-fitting clothing. In infants, burping is a routinely practiced part of feeding to release swallowed air and prevent discomfort.

When burping is frequent or accompanied by other symptoms such as heartburn, abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, or unintended weight loss, it may indicate an underlying condition such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, or aerophagia. Persistent or painful belching should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.

Prevention and management focus on reducing swallowed air and excess gas: eat slowly, avoid gulping, limit carbonated drinks, avoid straws and chewing gum, quit smoking, and consider anti-gas products if appropriate. For infants, gentle burping during and after feeding can help.

Etymology and usage: burp is an onomatopoeic term; belch is the more formal term, and eructation is the medical term. Cultural norms vary, with burping often considered rude in many settings, though some cultures celebrate it after meals.