Bronkospasmoja

Bronkospasmoja is a medical condition characterized by the sudden constriction of the muscles within the walls of the bronchi, the large air passages that lead from the trachea (windpipe) to the lungs. This constriction results in the narrowing of the airways, which impedes airflow and causes breathing difficulties. Bronkospasmoja is commonly associated with respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute bronchitis.

The primary symptoms of bronkospasmoja include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, often worsening during physical activity or at night. Triggers can include allergens, respiratory infections, cold air, exercise, stress, or exposure to pollutants, which can precipitate bronchospasm episodes.

Diagnosis is typically based on clinical history, physical examination, and spirometry tests that measure airflow obstruction. During an episode, inhalation of bronchodilators can relieve symptoms by relaxing the constricted bronchial muscles.

Treatment focuses on preventing bronchospasm episodes and managing symptoms when they occur. Common medications include short-acting beta-agonists (such as albuterol), which provide quick relief, and long-term control medications like inhaled corticosteroids and leukotriene modifiers to reduce airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness.

Preventive strategies involve avoiding known triggers, maintaining good respiratory hygiene, and adhering to prescribed medication regimens. In some cases, additional therapies such as allergen immunotherapy may be recommended. Educating patients about recognizing early signs of bronkospasmoja and proper inhaler techniques is essential for effective management.