Bjúg

Bjúg is an Icelandic term for a lump or swelling in soft tissue. In medical usage, it functions as a descriptive descriptor rather than a specific diagnosis, indicating a localized elevated area that may arise from fluid buildup, inflammation, cyst formation, a benign growth, or a malignant process. Bjúg can occur anywhere on the body, including the skin, subcutaneous tissue, joints, or internal organs, and may be singular or part of a broader condition.

Causes and examples are diverse and include infections leading to abscess formation, inflammatory swellings from autoimmune or rheumatic conditions, cysts such as sebaceous cysts, benign tumors like lipomas, or malignant tumors that require oncologic assessment. Symptoms often include a palpable lump, with or without pain, and may be accompanied by local warmth, redness, or reduced range of motion depending on the location.

Diagnosis typically starts with history and physical examination, followed by imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI to characterize the lump. When the nature of the bjúg is uncertain or cancer cannot be ruled out, a biopsy or surgical excision may be performed to establish a definitive diagnosis.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Small, non-suspicious bjúg may be observed without intervention. Infections may require antibiotics and drainage, while cysts or tumors may necessitate surgical removal. Management is case-specific and guided by clinical judgment.

Etymology: bjúg is an Icelandic noun used across medical and lay contexts to denote swelling or lump. See also lump, swelling, tumor, cyst, abscess.