Birthmark
A birthmark is a permanent mark or stain on the skin that is present at birth or develops soon after. Birthmarks are common and usually harmless, though some can be a cosmetic concern or indicate an underlying condition. They are broadly categorized by appearance into pigmented birthmarks, which involve excess melanin or pigment, and vascular birthmarks, which involve blood vessels.
Pigmented birthmarks include various types such as congenital melanocytic nevi (moles present at birth), smaller moles,
Mongolian spots are a common type of pigmented birthmark found on the lower back or buttocks, especially
Causes of birthmarks vary. They may result from normal variations in skin development, genetic factors, or developmental
Diagnosis is usually clinical, based on appearance. Dermoscopy or imaging is rarely needed, and biopsy is reserved