Biokeramik

Biokeramik is a term used to describe ceramic materials that are biocompatible, meaning they can be used in contact with living tissues and biological fluids without causing adverse reactions. These materials are specifically designed for medical and dental applications. The key properties of biokeramics include their inertness, mechanical strength, and ability to integrate with bone tissue.

Commonly used biokeramics include alumina, zirconia, hydroxyapatite, and tricalcium phosphate. Alumina and zirconia are often used for load-bearing implants like hip and knee replacements due to their high strength and wear resistance. Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate are bioactive ceramics that can bond directly with bone, making them suitable for bone grafting materials and coatings for implants to promote osseointegration.

The development of biokeramics has significantly advanced medical and dental treatments. They offer alternatives to traditional metal or polymer implants, providing enhanced biocompatibility and reducing the risk of allergic reactions or rejection by the body. Research continues to focus on improving the properties of biokeramics, such as developing more porous structures for better cell infiltration or incorporating therapeutic agents to aid in healing and regeneration. Their applications range from dental implants and bone fillers to components in cardiovascular devices and artificial joints.