Bindehautentzündungen

Bindehautentzündungen, commonly known as conjunctivitis or pink eye, are inflammatory conditions affecting the conjunctiva, the thin transparent membrane that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inner surface of the eyelids. This inflammation can manifest in various ways, leading to symptoms such as redness, itching, burning, a gritty sensation, and increased tearing or discharge. The discharge can be watery, mucus-like, or purulent, depending on the cause.

The causes of conjunctivitis are diverse and can be broadly categorized into infectious and non-infectious types. Infectious conjunctivitis is often caused by viruses, such as adenoviruses, or bacteria, like Staphylococcus or Streptococcus. Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious and typically presents with watery discharge, while bacterial conjunctivitis often produces a thicker, pus-like discharge. Non-infectious conjunctivitis can be triggered by allergens, irritants like smoke or chemicals, or underlying conditions such as dry eye disease. Allergic conjunctivitis is characterized by intense itching and is often associated with other allergy symptoms.

Diagnosis of conjunctivitis usually involves a physical examination of the eye and a review of the patient's symptoms. In some cases, a swab of the conjunctival discharge may be taken for laboratory analysis to identify the specific pathogen. Treatment strategies depend on the underlying cause. Viral conjunctivitis generally resolves on its own within a week or two, with supportive care focusing on symptom relief, such as artificial tears or cool compresses. Bacterial conjunctivitis is typically treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments. Allergic conjunctivitis is managed with antihistamine eye drops, oral antihistamines, or by avoiding known allergens. Prevention of infectious conjunctivitis involves good hand hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, and not sharing personal items like towels or eye drops.