Bilhana

Bilhana was a Kashmiri poet and scholar who lived in the 11th century. He is primarily known for his *Chaurapanchasika*, a collection of fifty-five erotic verses, and his historical drama *Karn Sundari*. He also composed a eulogistic poem in praise of the Chandela king Lakshavarman, called *Lakshmanotsava*.

Details about Bilhana's life are largely drawn from his own writings, particularly the *Chaurapanchasika*, which is often interpreted as an autobiographical account of his love for a princess and his subsequent imprisonment. According to this work, he was the son of a learned Brahmin father, a renowned Sanskrit scholar himself. He traveled extensively throughout India, serving various royal courts. His patrons included the Paramara king Bhoja of Malwa and the Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI of Kalyani, in whose court he held a distinguished position.

Bilhana's writing style is characterized by its elegance, lyrical quality, and rich imagery. The *Chaurapanchasika* is celebrated for its sensuous descriptions and emotional depth, making it a significant work in Sanskrit love poetry. His historical works provide valuable insights into the political and social conditions of his time, although their historical accuracy is sometimes debated due to their poetic nature. Bilhana's influence extended beyond his lifetime, inspiring subsequent poets and scholars in India.