Besakih

Besakih, commonly known as the Mother Temple of Bali, is a large Balinese Hindu temple complex located on the southwest slope of Mount Agung in eastern Bali, Indonesia. It is regarded as Bali’s holiest and most important temple complex and functions as a central site of pilgrimage for Balinese Hindus.

The complex consists of a system of temple compounds and courtyards clustered around the main temple, Pura Penataran Agung Besakih. Surrounding shrines are organized into several groups and are dedicated to a range of deities, including the Hindu trinity (Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva) as well as local spirits. The architecture follows traditional Balinese temple style, with open pavilions, stone walls, split gates, and multi-tiered Meru towers that rise on the hillside.

Besakih has a long-standing religious significance and has grown over centuries as temples were added and patrons supported ongoing worship. The site serves as a major venue for ceremonies, temple anniversaries (odalan), and religious rites that involve devotees from across Bali, often accompanied by processions and offerings. It operates as both a living religious center and a prominent cultural landmark.

For visitors, Besakih is a major tourist destination in addition to its sacred role. Tourism infrastructure exists nearby, and visitors are generally expected to dress modestly and behave with respect in sacred spaces. An admission or donation is commonly requested, and certain sacred areas may have restrictions on photography. Access can be influenced by volcanic activity from Mount Agung and related safety considerations.