Begonia

Begonia is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Begoniaceae, with more than 1,800 described species. Native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, Africa, and Asia, begonias are widely cultivated for their colorful flowers and attractive foliage. The group includes several growth forms, such as tuberous, rhizomatous, fibrous-rooted, and cane-like types, and a wide range of leaf shapes and patterns.

Leaves of begonias are typically asymmetrical, often glossy, and highly variable in size and texture. Some cultivars, notably rex begonias, have ornate, patterned leaves with striking color contrasts. Flowers are usually small and arranged in clusters; male and female blooms occur on the same plant, classifying many begonias as monoecious. Flower colors range from white to pink, red, and yellow, and are commonly admired for their long-lasting display in ornamentals.

Cultivation varies by growth form but generally favors bright, indirect light, well-drained soil, and regular watering that avoids waterlogging. Many begonias prefer warm temperatures and high humidity. Tuberous begonias require a dry, cool winter period to rest, while other forms are more flexible as houseplants or outdoor bedding in suitable climates. Propagation is by leaf or stem cuttings, division of rhizomes, or tubers, and some species are grown from seed.

Common pests include mealybugs, aphids, and spider mites; diseases such as powdery mildew and botrytis can affect susceptible plants. Begonias are valued in gardens and indoor spaces for foliage and blooms alike, with numerous cultivars bred for ornamental use and landscape applications. The genus name Begonia honors Michel Bégon, a 17th-century French governor.