Bambusa

Bambusa is a genus of bamboo in the grass family Poaceae, subfamily Bambusoideae. It comprises a large number of species commonly known as bamboo, many native to Asia and the Pacific with some species in Africa and the Americas. The genus is valued for rapid growth, varied form, and widespread use as timber, ornamental plants, and a food source in some regions.

Description: Bambusa species are evergreen perennial grasses with woody, hollow culms segmented by nodes. The leaves are narrow and lanceolate. Growth is typically clumping, with new culms emerging from a crown of rhizomes; heights commonly range from 2 to 12 meters, while some timber bamboos exceed 20 meters. Flowering occurs rarely and in many species is gregarious, with long intervals between events; after flowering, many individuals die.

Distribution and habitat: Native to tropical and subtropical Asia, with some species in Africa and the Americas. They occupy a variety of habitats, from forests and grasslands to cultivated landscapes. They are widely grown in suitable climates and can spread beyond native ranges where conditions permit.

Ecology and uses: Bambusa provides habitat and food sources for wildlife and can stabilize soil with its extensive root systems. Its rapid growth makes it valuable for biomass, construction, furniture, scaffolding, fencing, and crafts; edible shoots are harvested commercially in several regions. Some species are cultivated for ornamental value in parks and gardens.

Notable species: Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo), Bambusa edulis, Bambusa oldhamii, Bambusa textilis.