Baccaurea

Baccaurea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Phyllanthaceae. It comprises about 100 species of trees and shrubs, native to tropical Asia and the Pacific Islands. These plants are characterized by their simple, alternate leaves and their fruits, which are typically small, round berries.

The genus is economically important for several species that produce edible fruits. Baccaurea motleyana, commonly known as rambai, and Baccaurea dulcis, known as sentul or wild mangosteen, are widely cultivated for their tart, refreshing fruits. These fruits are consumed fresh, used in jams and jellies, or processed into beverages. The wood from Baccaurea trees is generally soft and not highly valued, though it may be used for local construction or firewood.

Several Baccaurea species also have traditional medicinal uses. Extracts from the bark, leaves, or roots are employed in some cultures to treat a variety of ailments, though scientific validation for these uses is often limited. The genus is spread across a wide geographical area, with diverse species adapted to different tropical environments, from rainforests to savannas. Classification within Baccaurea has undergone revisions, with some species previously placed in related genera now being recognized as belonging to Baccaurea. Further research continues to explore the genetic diversity, ecological roles, and potential applications of this diverse genus.