Avomakaleikkaus

Avomakaleikkaus, also known as laparotomy, is a surgical procedure involving an incision through the abdominal wall to access the abdominal cavity. This open surgical technique allows surgeons to directly visualize and operate on internal organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and reproductive organs. The incision is typically made in the midline of the abdomen, extending from just below the rib cage to the pubic bone, though variations in placement exist depending on the specific organs requiring intervention.

Avomakaleikkaus is employed for a wide range of medical conditions. These include, but are not limited to, the removal of tumors, repair of hernias, treatment of gastrointestinal blockages or perforations, management of severe abdominal trauma, and complex gynecological or urological surgeries. It is often chosen when minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy, are not feasible due to the extent of the condition, the need for extensive manipulation of organs, or in emergency situations.

The procedure is performed under general anesthesia. After the incision is made and the abdominal organs are exposed, the surgeon carries out the necessary surgical steps. Following the operation, the incision is closed with sutures or staples. Recovery from avomakaleikkaus generally requires a longer hospital stay and a more significant period of recuperation compared to laparoscopic procedures, as it involves a larger surgical wound and more extensive tissue manipulation. Pain management and careful monitoring for complications are crucial aspects of post-operative care.