Aufhängungen

Aufhängungen, also known as suspensions, are mechanical systems designed to connect a vehicle's chassis to its wheels. Their primary function is to absorb shocks and vibrations from the road surface, providing a smoother ride for occupants and improving vehicle handling. They also play a crucial role in keeping the tires in contact with the road, which is essential for traction and braking.

The basic components of most suspension systems include springs, shock absorbers (dampers), and linkages. Springs, such as coil springs, leaf springs, or torsion bars, store energy from road impacts and then release it gradually. Shock absorbers dissipate this stored energy, preventing excessive bouncing. Linkages, like control arms and ball joints, guide the movement of the wheels and maintain their alignment.

There are various types of suspension designs. Independent suspension allows each wheel to move up and down without directly affecting the opposite wheel, leading to better ride comfort and handling. Solid axle suspension, where wheels on the same axle are rigidly connected, is simpler and more robust but offers less refinement. Common independent suspension systems include MacPherson struts and double wishbones.

Suspension systems are critical for vehicle safety and performance. A well-designed suspension contributes to stability during cornering, braking, and acceleration, while also protecting the vehicle's components from excessive stress. The specific design of a suspension system is often tailored to the intended use of the vehicle, with sports cars prioritizing handling and off-road vehicles prioritizing robustness and articulation.