Ascoglossans

Ascoglossans are a group of marine fish belonging to the order Perciformes, characterized by their unique feeding behavior and distinctive body shape. They are commonly known as tonguefish due to the elongated, flat, and fleshy tongue that extends from their mouth, which they use to capture prey. This tongue is highly sensitive and can detect the electrical fields generated by the muscle contractions of their prey, allowing them to locate and capture small fish and crustaceans.

Ascoglossans are found in tropical and temperate waters worldwide, with the most diverse species occurring in the Indo-Pacific region. They are typically small to medium-sized fish, ranging from a few centimeters to about 30 centimeters in length. Their body is elongated and compressed, with a large mouth and a small, rounded tail. The scales are small and cycloid, and the coloration is usually cryptic, blending in with their surroundings.

The order Ascoglossa is divided into two families: Congiopodidae and Congiopodidae. The Congiopodidae family includes the genus Congiopodus, which is found in the Atlantic Ocean, while the Congiopodidae family includes the genera Batrachoides and Batrachomoeus, which are found in the Indo-Pacific region. Both families are characterized by their elongated tongues and unique feeding behavior.

Ascoglossans are of interest to scientists due to their unusual feeding adaptations and the potential insights they may provide into the evolution of sensory systems. They are also of interest to anglers and aquarists due to their unique appearance and interesting behavior. However, their populations are threatened by overfishing and habitat destruction, and conservation efforts are needed to protect these fascinating fish.